A 500 kVA transformer is an essential component in electrical power distribution systems, converting high voltage electricity from the grid into usable lower voltages for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Commonly installed in end-use areas, these transformers are critical in ensuring consistent power for residential lighting, industrial machinery, commercial centers, and more.
Evernew is a leading transformer manufacturer in China with nearly three decades of experience serving the international market. Their products are certified by top organizations such as UL/cUL, CSA, CESI, and more, and are compliant with global standards including IEEE/ANSI, CSA, DOE, AS, GOST, and IEC. This positions Evernew as a reliable provider of high-quality transformers, including a variety of 500 kVA transformer models such as pad mounted transformers, small substation transformers, distribution transformers, and dry type transformers.
What Does 500 kVA Mean?
The term “500 kVA” refers to the capacity of the transformer, measured in kilovolt-amperes (kVA). It defines the apparent power the transformer can handle. Apparent power (kVA) is a combination of active power (kW) and reactive power (kVAR). Unlike kW, which only accounts for useful power, kVA includes both the active and reactive components of the electrical load.
For example, the actual active power (kW) a 500 kVA transformer can provide depends on the power factor, which typically ranges around 0.8 for most electrical loads. Using this factor, a 500 kVA transformer would supply approximately 400 kW of active power (500 * 0.8 = 400 kW). However, transformers operate most efficiently at a load rate of about 50-70% of their rated capacity. Thus, a 500 kVA transformer will typically run between 280-340 kW to minimize power loss.
Applications of a 500 kVA Transformer
Due to its versatile power output, the 500 kVA transformer finds extensive use across various sectors:
- Residential: Supplies electricity for housing developments and neighborhoods.
- Commercial: Powers shopping centers, office buildings, and other commercial complexes.
- Industrial: Used in manufacturing plants, mining operations, and even bitcoin mining farms due to its high reliability and efficiency.
- Public Infrastructure: Supports electrical grids for schools, hospitals, and local municipalities.
How Many Amps Can a 500 kVA Transformer Supply?
A 500kVA transformer’s current output depends on factors such as the transformer type (single-phase or three-phase), voltage, frequency, and efficiency. Here’s a breakdown of key parameters:
Rated Power (500kVA): This indicates the maximum power the transformer can handle without overheating.
Voltage (V): The rated voltage directly affects the current output. For instance, higher voltage leads to lower current for the same power rating. Common voltages include 120V, 240V, 480V, etc.
Current (A): For a single-phase transformer, the current is calculated as:
For a three-phase transformer:
Example: For a 500kVA single-phase transformer at 120V, the current is 4166A; for a three-phase transformer at 480V, it’s 601A
Frequency (Hz): Standard frequencies are 50Hz or 60Hz, impacting transformer design and performance.
Efficiency (%): Efficiency typically ranges between 95% to 99%, influencing energy losses and heat generation.
Impedance (%): The transformer impedance affects voltage regulation and short-circuit current.
These parameters are critical when selecting a transformer for specific applications, ensuring optimal performance and safety.
How Many Homes Can a 500 kVA Transformer Power?
A key question in power distribution is how many homes a 500 kVA transformer can serve. This varies based on several factors such as location, energy consumption patterns, and climate. For instance, in areas with high energy demands, such as regions requiring constant air conditioning, fewer homes will be supported compared to regions with lower energy needs.
Assuming an average household uses about 5 kW of power, a 500 kVA transformer can typically support between 175 to 212 homes. This is calculated by taking into account the transformer’s actual power output (280-340 kW) and dividing it by the average household energy consumption.
Types of 500 kVA Transformers
By Phase:
- Single-Phase Transformers: Used in systems that operate with single-phase power and can also form groups to create a three-phase system.
- Three-Phase Transformers: Designed to step up or step down voltage in three-phase systems, which are more common in industrial and commercial settings.
By Structure:
- Oil-Immersed Transformers: These transformers use mineral or vegetable oil as both a cooling and insulating medium. They are typically installed outdoors, making them suitable for both pole-mounted and pad-mounted setups. Oil transformers are cost-effective but require regular maintenance due to oil degradation.
- Dry-Type Transformers: Rather than using oil, dry-type transformers rely on air or other inert gases for cooling. These transformers are more environmentally friendly, safer in fire-prone areas, and commonly used in indoor or underground settings.
By Cooling Method:
- Self-Cooling: Utilizes ambient air to dissipate heat, typically used for lower capacity loads.
- Forced-Air Cooling: Uses fans or blowers to enhance cooling efficiency, allowing the transformer to handle higher power loads.
By Conductor Material:
- Copper Transformers: Known for their high conductivity and durability. A 500 kVA copper transformer is more efficient but tends to be heavier and more expensive.
- Aluminum Transformers: Lighter and more cost-effective, though slightly less efficient than copper counterparts.
500 KVA Oil-filled Transformer
Oil-immersed transformers are widely used in the power distribution industry, and the 500 kVA model is one of the most popular types in the international market. These transformers typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling to prevent overheating and ensure the long-term stability of the equipment. Some models also include features such as external radiators and fans to enhance heat dissipation.
In recent years, a few transformers have adopted eco-friendly seed oils for insulation and cooling, offering an environmentally sustainable alternative. The service life of a 500 kVA oil-immersed transformer can extend beyond 20 years with proper maintenance. Regular upkeep is crucial, including daily checks and periodic on-demand maintenance to measure and test various performance parameters, ensuring maximum efficiency and longevity.
Specifications:
- Rated Capacity: 500 kVA
- Cooling Method: Oil-immersed (Mineral or Seed Oil)
- Typical Dimensions: 680mm x 620mm x 720mm (customizable upon request)
- Insulation Class: A
- Voltage Level: Customizable based on requirements (e.g., 11kV/0.4kV for step-down transformers)
- Frequency: 50Hz or 60Hz
Pricing:
The price of a 500 kVA oil-immersed transformer typically ranges from USD 5,000 to USD 9,500, depending on fluctuating material costs, specific accessories, and additional customizations like size, voltage levels, and color. Evernew Transformer offers tailored solutions to meet the specific needs of customers, ensuring the product is optimized for different market conditions and regional standards.
Maintenance and Efficiency:
Regular maintenance is essential for maintaining the transformer’s efficiency. This includes checking oil quality, testing insulation resistance, and inspecting cooling systems. By adhering to a structured maintenance schedule, users can ensure optimal performance and extend the transformer’s lifespan.
500 kVA Pad Mounted Transformer
A 500 kVA pad-mounted transformer is a box-enclosed power transformer designed for outdoor or public use, providing a safe and efficient solution without requiring protective fencing. These transformers come in loop feed and radial feed types and are commonly used in commercial areas, residential complexes, and public spaces. With a rated capacity of 500 kVA, this model features a dead-front structure, ensuring safety and ease of installation.
The 500 kVA pad mounted transformer includes BAYONET fuses, high-voltage and low-voltage bushings, surge arresters, internal fuses, and voltage regulator switches. Its oil-immersed cooling system ensures efficient heat dissipation, making it durable in various environments. Built for step-down applications, the voltage class can be customized, such as 13.8kV/480V, to meet specific needs. Its box-like design distinguishes it from cylindrical models, providing additional protection in public installations.
Priced between USD 8,000 and USD 15,000, the cost depends on the materials, features, and customizations like voltage ratings and extra safety components. Regular maintenance, including inspections of fuses, bushings, and cooling systems, is necessary to keep the transformer operating at peak efficiency.
For reliable outdoor power distribution, the 500 kVA pad-mounted transformer offers both safety and performance, making it a trusted choice in various industries.
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500 kVA Dry Type Transformer
A 500 kVA dry type transformer is an air-cooled transformer designed without the use of insulating liquids, making it an eco-friendly and safe option for various applications. Its iron core and windings are placed inside a sealed, pressurized tank, ensuring high performance and reliability. This type of transformer is commonly used in the market due to its versatility and ability to meet most user requirements.
The 500 kVA dry type transformer is easier to install compared to oil-immersed transformers and offers key benefits such as environmental protection, safety, and a long service life. It is particularly well-suited for environmentally sensitive locations, areas with high fire risk, and industries such as chemical processing, oil, natural gas, and more. However, it does come with a higher upfront cost. Additionally, while winding failures are rare, replacing the entire unit is often required when failures occur, leading to higher maintenance costs.
The price for a 500 kVA dry-type transformer typically ranges from USD 10,000 to USD 18,000, depending on the materials, specifications, and customizations required. Despite the higher cost, its advantages in safety and environmental compatibility make it a preferred choice for critical applications.
Technical Specifications of a 500 kVA Transformer
- High Voltage: Ranges from 10kV to 34.5kV.
- Low Voltage: Common output voltages include 0.4kV, 240V, 480V, and more, depending on the design and application.
- Short Circuit Impedance: Typically around 4-6%, helping regulate the current during short circuits.
- No-load Loss: Around 650W to 1280W.
- On-load Loss: Between 5200W to 5860W, depending on the type and design of the transformer.
Weight and Material Composition
- Oil-Immersed Transformers: Weigh around 1700 kg, with approximately 214-306 liters of insulating oil.
- Dry-Type Transformers: Weigh about 2000 kg due to the absence of oil, but require more robust insulation systems.
- Copper Content: Oil transformers contain around 340 kg of copper, while dry-type transformers contain about 600 kg due to the heavier insulation.
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500 kVA Transformer Applications in Various Countries
Evernew transformers are widely distributed across the globe, including the United States, Canada, Europe, South America, Australia, and the Middle East. Each region has unique power distribution standards and requirements, and Evernew’s transformers are designed to meet international certifications such as UL, CSA, CESI, and GOST. These certifications ensure that Evernew transformers comply with local regulations, making them a reliable choice for diverse markets.
Choosing the Right 500 kVA Transformer
When selecting a 500 kVA transformer, several factors must be considered:
- Load Requirements: Ensure that the transformer’s capacity matches or exceeds the projected load requirements to avoid overloading and power loss.
- Environment: Choose between oil-immersed or dry-type transformers based on the installation environment. For instance, dry-type transformers are preferable for indoor or fire-prone areas.
- Cooling Needs: Determine whether passive or forced cooling is required based on the transformer’s operating conditions.
- Conductor Material: Decide between copper or aluminum windings based on efficiency needs and budget considerations.
Conclusion
The 500 kVA transformer is a versatile and crucial component in both commercial and residential power distribution networks. With Evernew’s commitment to quality, safety, and compliance with international standards, businesses and utilities can trust their 500 kVA transformer solutions to deliver reliable performance in any environment. Whether you need a pad-mounted, oil-immersed, or dry type transformer, Evernew has the expertise and product range to meet your power needs at competitive prices.
For more information or to inquire about Evernew’s 500 kVA transformer models, feel free to contact their team or schedule a factory visit.
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